Fastening for hinged and sliding doors



(N0 Model.)

a G. SMITH.

FASTENING FOR HINGED. AND SLIDING DOORS. No. 357,344.

g 1 Patented Feb-8 1887'.

Ivweniqr unrgl oi y x PATENT OFFICE."

.GEORGE o siurrn, oE sr. ALBANS, VERMONT.

FASTENING FOR HI NGED AND SLIDING DOORS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters'Patent No. 357,344, dated February 8,1887.

Application filed July 29,-1886. Serial No. 209,364. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE G. SMITH, of

description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is afront elevation of my improved swinging bolt applied to the sliding door of a freight car, the car being closed and locked; Fig. 2, a transverse section in line a: x of Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a similar VIQW showing-the bolt swung open and the door partly opened; 'Fig. 4, a transverse section like to Fig. 2, illustrating the swinging bolt as applied to a hinged door, the bolt being illustrated in dotted lines as thrownback and the doorv partly opened. Fig. 5 is a section in line 3/ y of Fig. 1 through the hub of the bolt detached. Fig. 6 is an elevation of the pivotal end of the bolt and of the staple, illustrating. the application of a padlock thereto. Fig. 7 is a similar elevation with a part of the staple broken away, illustrating the application of a sealing-wire and seal thereto.- Fig. 8 is a detached view of a detachable pivot-pin for the swinging bolt. Fig. 9 is an elevation of a modification of my invention constructed with a base-plate carrying lugs, through which a'detachable pin is passed as a pivot for the swinging bolt. Fig. 10 is a top view of a modification in form of the bolt.

My invention relates to a devicefor locking sliding or hinged doors, gates, or lids, and has for its object to provide a strong simple fastening as a substitute for the bolts in ordinary use, and especially to provide a secure fastening for the doors upon railway freight-cars.

It consists in a swinging bolt having a rectangular aperture formed therein at one end to fit upon a cylindrical pivot, which is made rectangular in cross-section at one end,whereby when the pivot is secured to the door-casing the bolt may be moved longitudinally along said pivot until free to turn upon its cylindrical portion and be thereby brought to bear againsflthe door, in yvhich position the rectangular aperture will register with the rect'- angular portion of. the pivot and permit the bolt to be moved back until the opposite fiat surfaces are broughtinto contact, and the bolt thereby made fast and prevented from turning, so as to serve as a secure lock for the door. For. a sliding door, the free end of the bolt is provided with an offset on the side thereof next to the door, which, when the bolt drops or is moved to cover the base of the pivot and so become fast, will be thereby carried into engagement witha stop secured to the door. For a hinged door. gate, or lid, the simple bearing of the fixed bolt against it will prevent the door from opening.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents a short bolt transversely perforated at one end to receive the cross-bar B ofa staple, which is made to serve as a pivot upon which the bolt may turn or swing. The two arms 0 O .of the staple are threaded at their ends each to receive a nut, D, by which, when the arms of the staple are inserted through the post of the doorway of afreight-car, the staple may be made perfectly fast and secure. The end of the bolt A through which the perforation is formed is preferably enlarged to form a cylindrical hub, E, and the perforation is rectangular in cross section and adapted to fit thereby upon a rectangular portion of the pivot B, the remainder of said pivot being made cylindrical, of a diameter slightly ,less than the smallest side of the rectangular opening in the bolt, so that when the latter is moved along the pivot B until its aperture embraces only said cylindrical portion it shall be free to turn easily thereon. The distance between the arms 0 O of the staple is sufficient to allow of a movement of the bolt A upon the pivot B far enough to carry the former either wholly over the cylindrical portion of the pivot or wholly over its rectangular portion.

Preferably the end of the rectangular aperture in the bolt A which is farthest'from the the squared portion of the pivot B is closed in so as to form a collar, F, (see Fig. 5,) having a'cylindrical opening to embrace only the cylindrical portion of the pivot B. This inner collar, F, serves to center the bolt upon the pivot B, and is especially useful when the rectangular portion of the pivot and of the aperture in the bolt is oblong instead of square...

Ifthe door bchinged to swing to and from the post to which the staple carrying the swinging bolt A is secured, it is evident that when the bolt is turned to overlap the front edge of the closed door, (see Fig. 4,) and is fixed by moving it upon the pivot B of the staple until the angles and opposed fiat surfaces of the bolt and pivot are in registry and contact, the door is thereby securely locked and may not be opened until the bolt is moved along the pivot far enough to permit it to turn and swing out upon the cylindrical portion thereof; but where" the door is fitted to slide to and from the post to which the staple and swinging bolt are secured the fastening of the door is effected by forming an offset, G, upon the end of the bolt to project toward the door and by securing a stop-block, H, (see Figs. 1, 2, and 3,) upon the face of the door in position to be engaged by said offset G when the door is closed and the bolt swung against it.

To afford a support for the outer end of the swinging bolt when closed and prevent it from being easily broken and wrenched off,the stopblock is formed with a longitudinal recess, I, along the inner edge thereof next to the door to receive a counterpart flange, J, projecting from the outer edge of the offset G, as clearly illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3, and the top of the stop-block is in such case made flush with the top of the bolt when the latter is closed and fixed upon its pivot B. (see Fig. 1,) so that when the bolt is moved up along said pivot for disengagement the flange J on the offset G will also be moved out ofits engagement with the recess I in the stop-block, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 1.

The bolt A, when closed to make fast the door, may be locked by passing the bow of a padlock, K, around the cylindrical stem of the pivot B, as shown in Fig. '6, so as to prevent the bolt from being moved up along said cylindrical stem far enough to free it and allow it to turn. The .bow of the padlock is in such case prevented from being slipped beyond the end of the cylindrical stem and over upon the arm of the staple by a heavy washer placed upon said arm between the stem and door-casing, as shown at L in Figs. 3 and 6.

The bolt may likewise be sealed when closed and fixed by means of a wire, M, led through transverse apertures in the hub end of the bolt and in the rectangular portion of the pivot B, which are brought into exact registry when the bolt is closed and in effective position to lock the door, the free ends of the wire being thereafter brought together and sealed in the customary manner, as shown in Fig. 7.

As a modification of my invention, the pivot B, upon which the bolt A swings and is lifted, may be made in the form of a loose detachable pin, N, angular in crosssection at both 'ends, with an intervening cylindrical portion,

and provided with a head,O, at one end thereof, as shown in Fig. 8. This pivot-pin is made to pass through an angular aperture in a lug or car, P, projecting from a base-plate, R, and to fit at its opposite end in a corresponding angular aperture in a second similar lug or ear, 1?. The angular portion of its stem at one end is extended sufliciently to afford a hearing for the angular aperture in the bolt fitted thereon.

The bolt may be made of various forms, one of which is shown in Fig. 10 as adapted to be used with the detachabre pivot-pin N for light hinged doors and for lids, 820., in contrast with the heavier bolt for use with thedoors of freight-cars. (Shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.)

It is evident that by proper adjustment and due reference to the direct-ion in which the door opens the swinging bolt will operate equally well whether the staple be made fast to the margin of the door post or casing, so that the bolt shall swing against the door, or to the door, so that thebolt shall swing against the post or casing.

I claim as my invention- 1. A door-fastener constructed of a swinging bolt having an angular perforation in one end thereof, in combination with a pivot formed with a portion of its length angular in cross-section to enter the angular perforation in the bolt and prevent it from turning, and with the remaining portion cylindrical to serve as an axis upon which the bolt may freely swing, and means, substantially as described, for securing the pivot upon the margin of the door or casing, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

2. A door-fastener constructed of a bolt having an angular perforation in. one end thereof, a lateral offset formed upon the opposite end, and a stop-block on the door or casing adapted to engage said offset, in combination with a pivot for the bolt formed with a portion of its length angular in cross-section to enter the angular perforation in the bolt and prevent it from turning, and the remaining portion cylindrical to serve as an axis upon which the bolt may freely swing, and means, substantially as described, for secu ring the pivot upon the margin of the door or casing, all substantially in the manner and for the purpose heroin set forth.

3. The combination, in a door-fastener, of the plate R, the ears or lugs P P projecting therefrom, the detachable pivot-pin N, fitting in angular perforations in said ears or lugs, and having the intermediate portion of its stem angular for one part and cylindrical for the remainder, and the bolt A, having an angular perforation at one end to fit upon and embrace the angular portion of the pivot-pin N and swing freely upon its cylindrical portion, all substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE G. SMITH. Witnesses:

JOHN C. STRANAHAN, I H. S. CLARK.

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